Military

[|Military.ppt] Its michelle-- I did the title page, first, third, and put my sources on the bibliography page. Adrienne did the second and hopefully will add the fourth (on warfare or something) to the history part. Then Nokomis and David should be working on the four for the psych part.

Military/Structure

History Students: Discuss different types of battle/warfare throughout US History Psych Students: Discuss military structure in terms of industrial/organization psychology, Theory X/Y, Social/Task Leaders, obedience/conformity.

Hey this is Michelle Samuel and I have Mrs. Cavanaugh first period. Who else is in this group?

Hi, this is Adrienne Cherry, I have Mrs. Cavanaugh second period

psych**- __industrial/organizational psychology__- the scientific structuring of organizations and of work to improve the productivity and quality of life of people at work.---focuses on understanding individual behavior and experience in organizational settings "For example, I/O psychologists have contributed to the design and development of team-based organizations and have developed strategies for designing organizational structures for work that are flexible enough to ride through turbulent environmental times" ([|http://www.psichi.org/pubs/articles/article_106.asp)] __Theory X and Y-__ ""The management systems of the U.S. military are also an interesting example. In the Vietnam war, the U.S. military was central office oriented. Most decisions were made at the Pentagon and White House. Even tactical decisions regarding the battlefield were often made on a table in Washington, D.C. If this style were compared to the management style of the Gulf War in 1991, it would be obvious that the U.S. military currently accepts that local control and autonomy **(Theory Y)** are a better management style."" --__Theory X__ "suggests that people will the do the minimum possible amount of work necessary to accomplish a task. Theory X suggests that enticement is required through deterministic techniques to get people to do what the enticer wants them to do." --"Theory X simply pushes people to prescribed goals." --__Theory Y__ "suggests that all people want to succeed, but there are obstacles in their path which inhibit their progress. If these obstacles are removed, then they can succeed as well as anyone else." ---"Theory Y promotes autonomy" (http://www.brains.org/classroom_management.htm) __Social Leaders__- (textbook)- group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support. __Task Leaders__- (textbook)- goal-oriented leadership that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals.
 * -Michelle-

Adrienne~

"The Norm of Obedience to Authority
The //__norm of obedience to authority__// is the shared view that people should obey commands given by a person with legitimate authority.

**Authority must be legitimate**
To achieve obedience, an authority must convey that he or she is the person who should be obeyed (e.g., by wearing a uniform).

**Authority must accept responsibility**
When all responsibility is ceded to the authority, people enter the agentic state: They see themselves as merely the agent of the authority figure. Individuals differ in the extent to which they abdicate responsibility when faced with orders from an authority figure.

**The norm of obedience must be accessible**
The more obvious the authority figure in Milgram's experiments, the more likely the norm is to be accessible, and the more likely people are to obey.

**Incompatible norms must be suppressed**
If alternative norms are more accessible, obedience drops. Physically distancing oneself and blaming the victim are ways to suppress other norms that are incompatible with obedience.

**Maintaining and escalating obedience**
Dissonance processes help to maintain obedience once it occurs. The gradual escalation of obedience reinforces the legitimacy of the authority." (http://www.psypress.com/smithandmackie/resources/topic.asp?topic=ch10-tp-04#The%20Norm%20of%20Obedience%20to%20Authority)

obedience - complying with instructions of an authority figure

3 differences between conformity and obedience: 1.in conformity there is no explicit instruction whereas in obedience there is an order or an instruction from an individual 2. in conformity, we follow the group who are our peers “ equal in status“ whereas in obedience, there is a status difference, e.g. headteacher/pupil 3. conformity is related to affiliation the need to be loved and liked; in contrast obedience is about status and power ([|http://www.woodlands.derby.sch.uk/departments/humanities/psychology/psychology%20site/obedience-definition.html) 

Hey it's Nokomis: Battles/warfare

Throughout history America has been entangled in many wars, and battles. Some directly involving them and many not. For example in early U.S history the Revolutionary War. That war was for America's freedom, and independence from Great Britian. A military is formed for the protection of one's people or civilization. Fighting for what they believe is the right reason. To help out other countries that they have a mutual alliance with.

The Military has a ranking system, to determine the job, and responsibilities for the military. Such as the younger soliders they have a low rank with little responsibilities, as compared to the older soliders with more experince, and more knowledge have a higher rank, pay grade, and more responiblities. Each Branch has a different name for the ranks, and all personnel are referred to by their rank and then last name.
 * __Ranking__**

Enlisted -** The enlisted ranks are the most common of the Military. In all five branches; Army, Marines, Air Force, Navy, and the Coast Guard. Enlisted ranks are usually the first three or four lowest ranks before considered a Non-Commissioned Officer, or NCO for short. These ranks start at Private (no insignia/recruit), Private, Private First-Class, and Specialist in the Army, Airman Basic, Airman, Airman First-Class, and Senior Airman for the Air Force, Private, Private First-Class, and Lance Corporal for the Marines, and Seaman Recruit, Seaman Apprentince, and Seaman for the Navy and the Coast Guard.
 * __Types of Officer Ranks__: -
 * Non-Commissioned Officer -** Non-Commissioned Officers hold primarily leadership positions, and give orders from directly or indirectly from a higher ranking officer. Being a Non-Commissioned Officer shows that one has the abilities and the qualifications to lead a certian group of individuals. Using this sort of ranking system creates a certain order in how missions are accomplished in the military. Example in the army a Squad consists of nine to ten soldiers, and is commanded by a Staff Sergeant. a Platoon consists of two or more squads, and is led by a Sergeant First-Class, and supported by the lowest ranking Commissioned Officer; a Second Lieutenant. At the most a Platoon usually consists of about 32 Soldiers. A Company consists of three to four platoons, averaging about 62-190 soldiers, the company NCO in charge is ranked First Sergeant. If the First Sergeant needs anything done he goes to the Platoon Sergeant, the Platoon Sergeant then goes to the Squad Leaders and the Squad Leaders inform their Squads.
 * Commissioned Officer -** A Commission Officer holds a higher pay grade, as well as higher responsiblities. To become an Officer one generally attends an Academy for that specific branch, such as West Point for the Army, and Embry-Riddle Areonautical University for the Air Force. Many Colleges offer the Senior Reserve Officers Training Corps, or Sr. ROTC where all cadets enter in rise through the ranks in the class, and upon graduation enter in at the lowest Officer rank, such as Second Lieutenant in the Army, Air Force, and Marines, and Ensign for the Navy and the Coast Guard. As the ranks go up so does the responsibility and so on. Usually given command over a certain number of troops. Second Lieutenant is given support of a platoon sergeant, in turn the patoon sergeant has authority over the Second Lieutenant. Upon promotion the rank of First Lieutenant the First Lieutenant is moved up to a Company Executive Officer or CXO in direct command under the Company Commander, and the Company First Sergeant.

Each branch covers one specific element. Army covers primarily ground based combat, but it is common to see an Army solider to be a aircraft pilot. The Air Force covers a lot of aerial based combat and pilot the fighter jets. The Air Force mainly One example is World War II, America had no problem or issue in the Eastern Countries such as: France, Germany, Italy, and so on. America was out of the war until December 7, 1941 when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. During that battle the Japanese used a lot of tatics to defeat America. One well known tatic which is a modified fighting style they use called "bushido" called "Kamikaze" which translated means "Divine Wind" are a series of suicide bombings used by the Japanese
 * __Branches__**

Adrienne~

Nokomis would it be possible if you could give information of how the military works as a whole, such as their battle tactics. Also could you go in to depth about specific battles. Thank you

([|http://simplypsychology.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/conformity.html)      
 * Conformity** is a type of social influence involving a change in belief or behaviour in order to fit in with a group. This change is in response to real (involving the physical presence of others) or imagined (involving the pressure of social norms / expectations) group pressure.

This is Michelle again-- tomorrow will be my first day back at school since thursday but I need to know if anyone has started the powerpoint. I think the two of us (Adrienne and me) are supposed to make four slides on history and then Nokomis and David are supposed to make the other four slides on psychology. Let me know if anyone has started this or what the deal is because I'm pretty sure it's due tomorrow?! My email is mia9@bellsouth.net

Hey, I know I'm late, but this is David Manley from Ms. Stanford's Human Geo class (I guess this fits into history?). My email is navypilot08@gmail.com. Just email me what yall need. I'm pretty good with all of this military stuff, especially the rank, structure, and history. Sorry again.

This is Michelle again--I saved part of the powerpoint in the K drive, but I didnt really have time to do much because I did not have any sources for the history information. Yall just finish from where I left off