Milgram

[|Compiledppt.ppt] FINAL :) [|margomorgan.ppt][|Milgram’s Experiment.ppt] -- This is the old one New and updated all combined: [|Compiledppt.ppt] Thanks! Cori (link didn't work so I fixed it - now called Compiledppt.ppt - Sean)

Hey guys i did the conclusion if someone wants to change the colors on it or whatever that would be great. Thanks guys! Just Make sure one of you emails it to Ms Stanford and Ms Cavanaugh! -Cori

-Sean//**
 * //Just want to let you all know the ppt is done and I e-mailed it to Ms. Stanford and Mrs. Cavanaugh. Thanks guys. Good work!

History students: describe examples of obedient (violent) behavior in WWII & Native/American genocide Psych students: compare the results of Milgram's experiment to the above behaviors/examples of violent obedience.

Milgram's experiment Milgram devised the experiment to answer this question: "Could it be that Eichmann and his million accomplices in the Holocaust were just following orders? Could we call them all accomplices?" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milgram_experiment Milgram's experiment compares to obedient behavior because the "teachers" listened to the experimenter even when the learner complained of heart problems.
 * Morgan:**

These are the 4 things the experimenter said to keep the "teachers" going. Milgram's experiment compares to violent behavior because the "teachers" are supposedly shocking the learners using high volts of electricity.
 * 1) Please continue.
 * 2) The experiment requires that you continue.
 * 3) It is absolutely essential that you continue.
 * 4) You have no other choice, you //must// go on.

How did Milgram gain respect from his subjects to get them to continue with the experiment? 1. He held the experiment at a prestigous institution (Yale) 2. They were isolated from the subjects being shocked (not personal) 3. Respected authority figure conducted experiment 4. No one else was seen disobeying the authority figure This can compare to events such as WWII and Native American genocide because those in control of the situation were considered respected authority figures who if disobeyed, would have consequences. The Nazi's had a strict uniform and look which gave them the appearance of control and uniformity. They had no personal relationship to the millions of Jewish people or Native Americans being killed. No one disobeyed the authority figures because of the consequences - death. "They demonstrated with jarring clarity that ordinary individuals could be induced to act destructively even in the absence of physical coercion, and humans need not be innately evil or aberrant to act in ways that are reprehensible and inhumane. While we would like to believe that when confronted with a moral dilemma we will act as our conscience dictates, Milgram's obedience experiments teach us that in a concrete situation with powerful social constraints, our moral sense can easily be trampled." http://psychologytoday.com/articles/pto-20020301-000037.html
 * Margo:**

The quote above can show the following terms:
 * Groupthink** - a group can result in a bad decision in order to keep harmony among the group.
 * The Bystander Effect** - when people don't give aid or help someone in a large group because they think someone else will do it (everyone thinks someone else will help stop genocide but no one does)
 * Deindividuation** - people participate in behavior they may generally not participate in because everyone is doing it

"Four days after Milgram's last participant was studied, the Israeli government, after a lengthy trial, hanged Adolf Eichmann for his role in the murder of 6 million Jews. The action seemed to anticipate the important role Milgram's experiments would come to play in debates about how to account for the behavior of the Nazi perpetrators." http://psychologytoday.com/articles/index.php?term=20020301-000037&page=3 Here is how Milgram's experiment worked: The experimenter (E) orders the teacher (T), the subject of the experiment, to give what the subject believes are painful electric shocks to a learner (L), who is actually an actor and confederate. The subjects believed that for each wrong answer, the learner was receiving actual shocks, but in reality there were no shocks. Being separated from the subject, the confederate set up a tape recorder integrated with the electro-shock generator, which played pre-recorded sounds or complaints for each shock level.The experimenter encouraged and ordered the teacher to continue, testing how far the teacher was willing to go in order to obey the experimenter. [|[1]]

Perhaps the most famous example of extreme obedience in WWII was the relationship between Adolf Hitler and the Nazis. On June 30, 1934, Nazi soldiers systematically killed various European military leaders under Hitler's orders forcing those militaries to swear allegience to Hitler. This mass slaughter is known as "Night of Long Knives." Nazis were also obligated, under Hitler's command, to kill any who jeoparidized the "purity" of Germany. This included Jews, Jehovans, those identified as Gypsies, and homosexuals. Nazis were rarely ever known to disobey even the most sinister orders, and those who did were usually killed. http://www.germannotes.com/hist_ww2.shtml
 * Sean:**

During the period of European colonization in the United States, it has been estimated that nearly 90% of the Native American population, between 1492 and 1525, was wiped out during the mass removal of tribes from their homes. Under the order of Lord Jeffrey Amherst, thousands of American Indians were killed by being given smallpox-infected blankets by U.S. soldiers. http://www.deathreference.com/En-Gh/Genocide.html This above image is a map of the Trail of Tears, which Cori elaborates on below. This map gives you a good idea of the extreme distance the Native Americans had to walk, and how difficult it was to survive the mobilization. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/trail-of-tears.htm


 * Cori:**
 * During WWII Adolf Hitler was a respected leader by the Germans and was able to succesfully lead an army to cooperative in leading injust acts of violence. Hitler's goal to was create a country that would be the most powerful in Europe. Although his foreign policies defied the Versailles Treaty, they helped to create his goal for a super country. His policies and goals led to the idae to eliminate the "inferior" races such as the Jews, as well as handicapped, gypsies, and homosexuals. He was able to succesfully find obedience in the Nazi's through his power and reputation. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/hitler.html
 * During the time of American expansion, America implemented the idea of manifest destiny. This concept led to the Americans need to gain more land and become a dominant country. Most Americans hopped on the band wagon and supported policies that moved Native Americans out of their territories that eventually led to the deaths of thousands of Native Americans. One of the best and most famous examples was the Indian Removal Act implemented by Andrew Jackson, which led to the "Trail of Tears." This policy moved all Native Americans in the East and had them relocate themselves West of the Mississppi River. On the journey 25% of the Native americans died. Another problem was the expansion westward of Americans during the Gold Rush. The Americans government had reserved territories in the West for Native Americans; however, once the gold rush occurred the policies were ignored. Americans moved into Native American territories which caused rivalries and fighting between the two groups. One of the best examples was the Black Hill Gold Rush. (U.S. history textbook)


 * Hey Cori ** - this is Sean, your partner. I just want to let you know I did the first three slides for the ppt. I put most of the info, so you can add what you want, like pictures and colors and stuff, and whatever other info there is that you feel is needed.

Hey Sean- Hey sorry I made slides yesterday but I forgot to save them on the page so today i just kinda combined our Sean. Also, we are suppposed to have one big powerpoint not a seperate one for US and one for Psychology so I combined them today. I'll work on the colors and stuff for ours tomorrow Sean and we can do the bibliography. Thanks guys! -Cori

Hey Cori- I started on works cited and tried messing around with some color schemes and fonts but didn't stick with any. Besides adding colors and artistic effects I think we are as good as done :) - Sean